WATER PRESSURE TANKS
A pressure tank is a steel tank that has a bladder
inside it. The top part of the tank is filled with air
under pressure, and the bottom is where the water is
stored. The air pressure in the top keeps the pressure
up in the tank.
This
prevents the pressure pump from running every time a
faucet is turned on. Pressure tanks vary in size from
under one gallon up to several hundred gallons.
Sometimes people think this Pressure Tank is to store
water for use in the house. That's rarely the case.
Usually water is "stored" in a water tank
at the back of the house or at the ceiling of the high
floor.
Air in the pressure tank serves to smooth the delivery
of water into the house as the pump cycles on and off,
and prevents pump burnout or control switch damage which
could occur if the system switches on and off too rapidly.
Water itself is not very compressible. Since a pump
can usually pump faster than the flow of water out of
a single faucet, as soon as the pump switched on, water
pressure would build way up and the pump would immediately
switch off.
Water would not flow nicely from the tap. Instead it
would come in a series of squirts. Worse, you'd burn
up the pump or pump switch by this rapid cycling.
The air cushion in the tank acts like a big spring
which is compressed by water pushed into the tank by
the pump at the same time that water is also flowing
out of the pump, tank, and piping system into the house
to whatever faucet has been opened.
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